Upon arriving at Marathon, the Athenians drew up battle lines, but, seeing they were outnumbered by the Persians, waited to attack. It was here, then, in a 15-metre wide gap with a sheer cliff protecting their left flank and the sea on their right, that the Greeks chose to make a stand against the invading army. Battle of Salamis History & Strategy | Who Won the Battle of Salamis? Peloponnesian War Causes & Results | What Caused the Peloponnesian War? When he arrived, exhausted, and managed to sputter out the Athenian request for military assistance, he was crushed to hear a refusal. But the Greeks had managed to overcome insurmountable odds and succeed in protecting Athens, the jewel of Greece, from total annihilation. At close quarters, the longer spears, heavier swords, better armour, and rigid discipline of the phalanx formation meant that the Greek hoplites would have all of the advantages, and in the narrow confines of the terrain, the Persians would struggle to make their vastly superior numbers tell. Mary has a Master's Degree in History with 18 advanced hours in Government. As an interesting footnote: the important strategic position of Thermopylae meant that it was once more the scene of battle in 279 BCE when the Greeks faced invading Gauls, in 191 BCE when a Roman army defeated Antiochus III, and even as recent as 1941 CE when Allied New Zealand forces clashed with those of Germany. Herodotus: History & Persian Wars | Who was Herodotus? The Greeks had no problem closing the distance and engaging the Persian army at close-range. Who was the Athenian runner who ran from Athens to Sparta? The Persian defeat at Marathon halted the Persian Empire's western expansion, and ensured continued Greek independence. The Battle of Marathon was fought between a Persian army and a mostly Athenian Greek army in 490 BCE during the first Greco-Persian War. They were joined by 1,000 Plataeans, which, according to Herodotus, greatly calmed the nerves of the Athenians. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The Battle of Marathon still has influence on the world today, remembered in the worlds most popular international sporting event the Olympics. Meanwhile at Artemision, the Persians were battling the elements rather than the Greeks, as they lost 400 triremes in a storm off the coast of Magnesia and more in a second storm off Euboea. The Battle of Marathon is one of the many battles that Persians and Greeks fought against one another; it was also an important battle in deciding the future fate of Greece as a country of free men. 2 How did the Battle of Marathon affect Athens? Where was the Athenians buried after the Battle of Marathon? WebWhat happened at the battle of Marathon? that Darius would make strides towards the conquest of stronger Greek resistance. 3 What was the most important impact of the Battle of Marathon? Create your account. Whereas the Greek army consisted entirely of heavy infantry, the Persians consisted mainly of light infantry and archers, in addition to horsemen. Darius the Great Accomplishments: Lesson for Kids, Mycenae Civilization & Culture | Facts About Mycenaean Greece, Athens vs. Sparta | Life Differences Between Athens & Sparta. Boston Marathon 2023: Results, news, and updates These ideas were later rediscovered and adopted by the Renaissance thinkers of Europe in the 14th - 16th centuries, and they continue to heavily influence the Western world today. Even so, it wouldnt be until 500 B.C. The pass of Thermopylae, located 150 km north of Athens was an excellent choice for defence with steep mountains running down into the sea leaving only a narrow marshy area along the coast. Due to the tactical superiority of the Greek hoplite soldiers, who fought in the phalanx formation, the Athenians triumphed over the Persians.
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